‘Pinggan tak retak nasi tak dingin. Kamu tak hendak. Aku pun tak ingin.’ Peribahasa ini maknanya adalah dua kubu yang saling tidak menginginkan satu sama lain. Ada kemarahan didalam peribahasa tersebut. Nada kesal. Bisa jadi salah satu kubu menginginkan sesuatu terjadi tapi kubu yang lain tidak mau. Karena tahu kubu lawan tidak mau, mereka pun mundur dan menyerah.
Berbagai Peribahasa Lain yang Mungkin Sudah Terlupakan
‘Sapi punya minyak. Kerbau Dapat Nama’. Ilustrasinya seperti ini. Si A melakukan perbuatan baik dan ia tidak mau ada yang tahu perbuatannya. Si B tahu tentang perbuatan si A. Karena orang lain perlu tahu tentang siapa yang sudah melakukan perbuatan tersebut, si A meminta si B mengaku. Orang pun akhirnya memberikan acungan jempol pada si B.
Kondisinya bisa juga seperti ini. Si B sengaja membuat orang lain melihat kalau perbuatan baik itu memang dilakukan si B dan bukan si A. Bagaimana dengan si A? Bisa saja ia merasa kecewa dengan si B yang sudah mengkhianatinya. Atau mungkin saja si A tidak merasa apa-apa.
Perumpamaan
Indonesia itu kaya tidak hanya dengan peribahasa tetapi juga perumpamaan. Misalnya, seorang ayah bertanya kepada anak perempuannya yang baru menikah, ‘Apa kacang sudah ke lanjaran?’
Kacang panjang akan semakin panjang ketika ada isinya. Semakin banyak isinya, semakin panjang bentuknya. Perumpamaan tersebut untuk menggambarkan apakah seorang wanita sudah hami atau belum.
‘Pergi Kelapa. Pulang Tempurung’. Inilah gambaran seseorang yang merantau tapi pulang sebagai orang yang gagal. Kegagalan ini biasanya dikaitkan dengan ketidaksuksesan dalam mengumpulkan harta. Bayangannya adalah bahwa orang yang merantau itu harus pulang dengan membawa banyak uang. Jika ada yang pulang tidak membawa apa-apa, ia dinyatakan gagal.
Pandangan seperti inilah yang membuat orang rantauan rela hidup susah tapi nanti ketika pulang kampung, mereka terlihat kaya raya. Mereka rela menyewa mobil, membeli barang mewah secara kredit. Ibaratnya, hujan sehari untuk membayar kemarau setahun. Senangnya seminggu, susahnya sepanjang tahun membayar utang.
Tidak semua peribahasa atau perumpamaan apa pun yang harus diterima. Kalau tidak sesuai dengan keadaan dan situasi, tidak perlu dipakai termasuk, ‘Pinggan tak retak nasi tak dingin. Kamu tak hendak. Aku pun tak ingin.’
Error recognition test;
The increase population, and rapid economic growth in recent years, have put a large and increasing stress on the water resources and environment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Most of the large industries in the country are well organised and structured and are sometimes backed up internationally reputable mother companies.
The minimum wage bill provides for a gradual reduction of the minimum wage from $5.15 an hour to $7.25 an hour over two years.
In 2004, a team led by the government environment ministry say that chemicals from the factory had contaminated sediment in the bay and entered the food chain.
The economy is heavy dependent on industry, and economic growth has always been of greater concern than environmental preservation.
It pictures a long baggy pants worn below the skirt with a narrowing cut off towards the ankle.
The supporters are still intact and majority of them are revolting against the government while vowing on employing civil war once there demands will not be granted the soonest possible.
He refused to give his own statement about his raging opponent who impulses on having a re-match because of disbelief and discontentment of the result.
Drug addiction is a menace that must be stamp out.
The government agents has been arresting suspected marijuana cultivators and pushers.
REPORTED SPEECH ONLINE PRACTICE — http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-reported-speech.php
IMPERATIVE ONLINE PRACTICE — http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-imperative.php
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS ONLINE PRACTICE — http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/vocabulary-exercise-idioms.php
OTHER GRAMMAR ONLINE EXERCISES — http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar.php
Cliffs toefl preparation — https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B9SM3-2fTsz8c21udl9BQXdOUlU/edit
Dropbox for Peterson and Longman — http://www.dahagacinta.com/bingung-mau-sedekah-ke-mana-salurkan-ke-sini-aja/
Find the links in Rara’s posts.
IELTS — http://www.dahagacinta.com/dua-puluh-tahun-berdoa-untuk-rumah-tanpa-kredit/
TOEIC — http://www.dahagacinta.com/pantangan-untuk-penderita-asam-urat/#comment-3324
More TOEFL exercises —
1. http://www.dahagacinta.com/jamu-beralkohol-beredar-bebas/
2. http://www.dahagacinta.com/aku-merindu-itu-urusanku/
3. http://www.dahagacinta.com/adakah-harta-gono-gini-dalam-islam/
4. http://www.dahagacinta.com/benarkah-semakin-besar-anak-semakin-mandiri/
5. ONLINE PRACTICE — http://www.grammarbank.com/toefl-pbt-practice.html
(http://www.dahagacinta.com/jamu-beralkohol-beredar-bebas/)
6. More TOEFL questions — http://www.dahagacinta.com/ujian-bagi-para-penghafal-al-quran/
EXTRA — http://www.dahagacinta.com/suami-suka-dihormati-istri-suka-dipuji/
Link for Subject – Verb Inversion
http://www.testmagic.com/Knowledge_Base/lists/grammar/inversion.htm
1. The committee has met twice and ….
A. they reached a final decision
B. a final decision was reached
C. its decision was reached
D. it has reached a final decision
2. The manager won’t be able to attend the shareholders’ meeting tomorrow because….
A. he must to give a lecture
B. he will be giving a lecture
C. of he will give lecture
D. he will have giving a lecture
3. Brenda’s score on the test is the highest in class.
A. She should study hard last night.
B. She should have studied hard last night.
C. She must have studied hard last night.
D. She had to study hard last night
4. To answer accurately is more important than…
A. to finish quickly
B. a quick finish
C. you finish it quickly
D. quick finish
5. Having been served lunch,….
A. the problems were discussed by the participants.
B. the participants discuss the problems.
C. it was discussed by the participants.
D. A discussion of the problems were made by the participants.
6. East Kalimantan relies heavily on income from oil and natural gas, and….
A. Aceh province also.
B. Aceh province too.
C. Aceh province is as well.
D. so does Aceh province.
7. The participants have had some problems deciding….
A. when they should announce the result of the meeting.
B. when are they sgoing to announce the result of the meeting.
C. when should they announce the result of the meeting.
D. the time when the result of the meeting to announce.
8. This year will be more difficult for our organization because….
A. we have less money and volunteers than last year.
B. there is a little money and volunteers than last year.
C. it has less money and fewer volunteers than it had last year.
D. it has fewer money and less volunteers than it had last year.
9. Professor Baker told his students that…
A. they can turn over their reports on Mondays.
B. the reports can turn over on Monday.
C. they could hand in their reports on Monday.
D. the reports they can hand in on Monday.
10. The adder is a venomous snake … bite may prove fatal to humans.
A. its
B. whom its
C. that
D. whose
1. The ski resorts are usually crowded. There are many people _____ skiing.
a. enjoy
b. that enjoying
c. who enjoy
d. who enjoying
2. We saw _____ wild animals while on vacation.
a. quite a few
b. quite much
c. quite many
d. quite some
3. George Pullman introduced a dining car ________ its own kitchen in 1868
a. it had
b. that had
c. that it had
d. having
4. A silkworm has glands that secrete a liquid that hardens into silk ________ comes into contact with air.
a. as it
b. when
c. that
d. it
5. The Olympic torch ________ throughout the Games and is then extinguished at the closing ceremony.
a. burning
b. is burned
c. burned
d. burns
1. ______ at 212 degrees F. And freezes at 32 degrees F.
(A) Waters boils
(B) The water boils
(C) Water boils
(D) Waters boil
2. When Franklin Roosevelt became very ill. His wife began to take a more active role in politics, and many people believed that_________ and the president shared his responsibilities.
(A) She
(B) Her
(C) Herself
(D) Hers
3. _________Trees is a custom that many people engage in to celebrate Arbor Day.
(A) The plant
(B) Plant
(C) Planting
(D) To planting
4. ________at home requires only three types of chemicals, several pieces of simple equipment, and running water.
(A) For the development
(B) To develop Film
(C) When film is developed
(D) In developing Film
5. _______large natural lakes are found in the States of South California.
(A) There are no
(B) No the
(C) Is not
(D) No
6. One of the primary (cause) of accidents in (coal mines) (is) the accumulation of (gas).
7. ________was caused by breathing impure air was once a common belief.
(A) Malaria
(B)That Malaria
(C) Why malaria
(D) Because malaria
8. What (do) Ecologists call a “gallery Forest” (is) (a) narrow strip (of) woods along a stream in an open grassland.
9. Arizona_____ a very dry climate
(A) Has
(B) Being
(C) Having
(D) With
10. The theory of continent Drift assumes that there______ long term climatic change in many areas during the past.
(A) Must have been
(B) Must be
(C) Must have
(D) Must
Written Expression
1. Many exercises such as calisthenics,running, or to swim involve producing muscle tension through a range of movements that are called isotonics.
2. Intelligence, education, and experience all helps shape management style.
3. The basic elements of public opinion research are interviewers, questionnaires, tabulating equipment, and to sample population.
4. Conservation organizations help for to preserve the ecology of an area by keeping track of endangered species.
5. Gwendolyn Brooks, which won a pulitzer price for poetry in 1950, had 75 poems published by the time she was twenty.
6. Halifax is largest city and chief port of nova scotia and is the eastern terminus of canada’s two great railway systems.
7. T.S. Eliot received wide recognition after publishses the waste land, which fused poetic traditions with elements of modern music and language.
8. Numerous type of cells, such as skin cells and white blood cells, have the power reproduce asexually.
9. The knee is more likelly to be damage than most other joints because it is subject to tremendous forces during vigorous activity.
10. Although ferns lack flowers, they do have leaves, stems, and root.
1. What year did you _____ university?
a. graduate
b. graduate from
c. graduating
d.graduating from
2. It seems to be getting worse. You had better _____ a specialist.
a. consult
b. consult to
c. consult for
d. consult by
3. Chicago is a large city, _____?
a. aren’t it
b. doesn’t it
c. won’t it
d. isn’t it
4. Don’t leave your books near the open fire. They might easily _____.
a. catch to fire
b. catch the fire
c. catch on fire
d. catch with fire
5. Do you enjoy _____?
a. to swim
b. swimming
c. swim
d. to swimming
6. I have trouble _____.
a. to remember my password
b. to remembering my password
c. remember my password
d. remembering my password
7. Do you have _____ to do today? We could have a long lunch if not.
a. many work
b. much work
c. many works
d. much works
8. My brother will _____ for a few nights.
a. provide us up
b. provide us in
c. put us up
d. put us in
9. When will the meeting _____?
a. hold on
b. hold place
c. take on
d. take place
10. The board meeting was held _____.
a. at Tuesday
b. on Tuesday
c. with Tuesday
d. in Tuesday
http://www.learn4good.com/languages/toefl/toefl_stan_test1.htm
1. The new emploees are furious … the news about their delayed salary.
A. Receiving
B. Received
C. To receive
D. Receive
2. …. Airlangga University has a well-respected medical school.
A. As university
B. As public university
C. As the university
D. As a public university
3. Florida has not yet ratified the equal right amandement, and …
A. Several other states hasn’t either
B. Neither has some of the others states
C. Some other states also have not either
D. Neither have several other states
4. On Ellesmere Island in the Arctic one fossil forest consist of a nearly hundred large stumps scattered on an exposed coal bed.
5. The surface conditions on the planet Mars are the more like the Earth’s than are those of any other planet in the solar system.
1. Amanda Way’s career as a social reformer____ in 1851 when, at an antislavery meeting in Indiana, she called for a state woman’s rights convention.
(A) begin (B) began
(C) have begun (D) to have begun
2. The celesta, an orchestral percussion instrument, resembles___
(A) a small upright piano
(B) how a small upright piano
(C) a small upright piano is
(D) as a small upright piano
3. Thomas Paine, _____, wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that identified the American colonies with the cause of liberty.
(A) writer of eloquent (B) whose eloquent writing
(C) an eloquent writer (D) writing eloquent
4. Although beavers rarely remain submerged for more than two minutes, they can stay underwater ___fifteen minutes before having to surface for air.
(A) as long (B) as long as
(C) so long (D) so long that
5. Protein digestion begins in the stomach ____ends in the small intestine.
(A) while (B) and
(C) how (D) because
6. When natural gas burns, its ___ into atoms of carbon and hydrogen.
(A) hydrocarbon molecules, breaking up
(B) broke up by hydrocarbon molecules
(C) hydrocarbon molecules break up
(D) broken up hydrocarbon molecules
7. _____ ballet dancers learn five basic positions for the arms and feet.
(A) All of (B) Of every
(C) All (D) Every
8. Some colonies of bryozoans, small marine animals, form ___with trailing stems.
(A) creeping colonies (B) which colonies creep
(C) creeping colonies are (D) colonies creep
9. Ruth Bader Ginsburg argued six women’s rights cases before the United States Supreme Court in the 1970’s,____
(A) of five winning them (B) five winning of them
(C) of them five winning (D) winning five of them
10. Natural selection is defined as the process ___the course of evolution by preserving those traits best adapted for an organism’s survival.
(A) to which directs (B) of which directs it
(C) directs it (D) that directs
1. Any possible academic help from taking stimulants ___ marginal at best.
a. its
b. is*
c. are
d. as
2. Alan ___ for the police force for over twenty and a half years. Now he has retired early.
a. had worked
b. worked*
c. has worked
d. has been working
3. This museum ___ the oldest in the town.
a. is believed to be*
b. is to believe to be
c. believed
d. to be believes to be
4. The tetracyclines, ___ antibiotics, are used to treat infections.
a. are a family of
b. a family of*
c. being a family
d. their family is
5. Before getting your driving license, you need to have your photograph___
a. taking
b. taken*
c. to take
d. being taken
1. Refrigerating meats ________ the spread of bacteria.
A. retards
B. retarding
C. to retard
D. is retarded
2. Throughout the animal kingdom, ________ bigger than the elephant.
A. whale is only the
B. only the whale is
C. is the whale only
D. only whale is the
3.The fact ________ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a popular form of payment.
A. of
B. that
C. is that
D. which is
4.The first article of the United States Constitution gives Congress ________ to pass laws.
A. the power
B. has the power
C. the power is
D. of the power
5. I went to the library to get as many information as I could.
6. She got up and ran to the door.
7. Illiteracy is an enormous problem, it affects millions of people worldwide, and is an impediment to social progress.
8. If you are sure that you are in the right, you would not mind an independent examination of the case.
9. The union insisted on an increase in their members’ starting pay, and threatened to call a strike if the company refused to meet the demand.
10. Fifty percent of the people alive today have never made a phone call, but thirty percent still have no electricity connections to their homes.
1.i am looking for an inexpensive apartment. They ______ harder to find.
become
have become
are becoming
became
On a typical day, the average person __________ about 48,000 words.
speaks
was speaking
spoke
is speaking
“I just won the lottery.” ” Stop kidding. I _______ you!”
am not believing
didn’t believe
don’t believe
wasn’t believing
By tomorrow, you _______ all about it.
will be forgetting
will have forgotten
forgot
forget
Janice quit her job. She _______ along with her boss for a long time.
hadn’t been getting
hasn’t been getting
isn’t getting
didn’t get
Since their clothes are wet, they _______________ in the rain.
must have walked
should have walked
need have walked
can have walk
We were running because we thought that the class ________.
had already began
has already began
had already begun
have already beginning
I hadn’t expected Tom to apologize but I had hoped ________.
him calling me
that he would call me
him to call me
that he call me
My wife worked in a bank in our country, and so _______.
did I
had I
I had
I did
Does Roy _________ golf?
know to
know how to
know how
knowing how to
1. I would rather you…. at home now
A. Stay
B. Stays
C. A staying
D. Stayed
2. He told me a lot about the Mexicans. He ….. there for a long time
A. Might be living
B. Should be living
C. Would have lived
D. Must have lived
3. The picture is not here anymore, it must have….
A. Being taken away
B. Took away
C. Taken away
D. Been taking away
4. I …. since i was at the first grade of senior high school
A. Used to swim
B. Am used to swimming
C. Swam
D. Had swam
5. We are going on a long trip, so we must…..
A. Have checked the car
B. Have had the car checked
C. To have the car checked
D. Have the car checked
6. Being lost, the tourist stopped …. at his map for the place they want to visit
A. Looking
B. He looked
C. To look
D. Lokked
7. The….. child ran to his mother when he heard the thunder
A. Frightened
B. Frightening
C. Frighten
D. Frightens
8. Mrs. Tamara’s way of teaching and of deeling with the students …. her the name of model teacher.
A. Has earned
B. To have earned
C. Have been earning
D. Has to earn
9. The shipment of logs…. because of the bad weather
A. They have been postponed
B. Being postpone
C. Been postponed
D. Has been postponed
10. ….. the import trade appreciate the proportion of imported food and drug stuff
A. Few persons not associated with
B. Not few persons associated with
C. Associated with not a few persons
D. With not a few persons associated
1. _____ the demands of aerospace, medicine, and agriculture, aengineers, are creating exotic new metallic substances. (A) Meet
(B) Being met are
(C) To meet
(D) They are meeting
2. _______ James A. Bland, “Carry Me Back to Old Virginny” was adopted is the state song of Virginia in 1940.
(A) Was written b
(B) His writing was
(C) He wrote the
(D) Written by
3. Mary Garden, ______ the early 1900’s was considered one of the best singing actresses of her time.
(A) a soprano was popular
(B) in a popular soprano
(C) was a popular soprano
(D) a popular soprano in
4. In the realm of psychological theory Margaret F. Washburn was a dualist _____ that motor phenomena have an essential role in psychology.
(A) who she believed
(B) who believed
(C) believed
(D) who did she believe
5.Have you heard the _____ news?
(A) last
(B) latest
(C) latter
(D) previous
1. After the funeral, the residents of the apartment building __________.
(a) sent faithfully flowers all weeks to the cemetery.
(b) sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfully.
(c) sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each week.
(d) sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers.
2. Because the first pair of pants did not fit properly, he asked for __________.
(a) another pants (c) the others one
(b) other pants (d) another pair.
3. The committee has met and __________.
(a) they have reached a decision.
(b) it has formulated themselves some opinions.
(c) its decision was reached at.
(d) it has reached a decision.
4. Alfred adams has not __________.
(a) lived lonelynessly in times previous.
(b) never before lived sole.
(c) ever lived alone before.
(d) before lived without the company of his friends.
5. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; __________.
(a) he should study last night.
(b) he should have studied last night.
(c) he must have studied last night.
(d) he must had to study last night.
6. Henry will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because __________.
(a) he must to teach a class. (c) of he will teach a class.
(b) he will be teaching a class. (d) he will have teaching a class.
7. Having been served lunch, __________.
(a) the problem was discussed by the members of the committee.
(b) the committee members discussed the problem.
(c) it was discussed by the committee members the problem.
(d) a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee.
8. Florida has not yet ratified the equal rights amendment, and __________.
(a) several other states hasn’t either.
(b) neither has some of the others states.
(c) some other states also have not either.
(d) neither have several other states
9. The chairman request that __________.
(a) the member studied more carefully the problem.
(b) the problem was more carefulnessly studied.
(c) with more carefulness the problem could be studied.
(d) the members study the problem more carefully.
10. California relies heavily on income from fruit crops, and __________.
(a) florida also
(b) florida too
(c) florida is as well
(d) so does florida
1. ____ the demands of aerospace, medicine, and agriculture, aengineers, are creating exotic new metallic substances.
(A) Meet
(B) Being met are
(C) To meet
(D) They are meeting
2. _______ James A. Bland, “Carry Me Back to Old Virginny” was adopted is the state song of Virginia in 1940.
(A) Was written b
(B) His writing was
(C) He wrote the
(D) Written by
3. Mary Garden, ______ the early 1900’s was considered one of the best singing actresses of her time.
(A) a soprano was popular
(B) in a popular soprano
(C) was a popular soprano
(D) a popular soprano in
4. In the realm of psychological theory Margaret F. Washburn was a dualist _____ that motor phenomena have an essential role in psychology.
(A) who she believed
(B) who believed
(C) believed
(D) who did she believe
5. Every student…. wear uniform in flag ceremony.
A. Will
B. Should
C. Must
D. May
1. How old is your father?
a. he is forty-five years old.
b. he is forty-five years.
c. he is forty-five year old.
d. he is forty-five year.
2. Excuse me. _____ your name?
a. what is
b. who is
c. how is
d. what
3. There _____ ten apples in the basket.
a. are
b. is
c. have been
d. has been
4. The zoo _____ many animals
a. has
b. had
c. have
d. have been
5. My father job _____.
a. is soldier
b. is a soldier
c. has been soldier
d. had been soldier
6. It ____ rain tomorrow.
a. will
b. would
c. was
d. has been
1. _____ the demands of aerospace, medicine, and agriculture, aengineers, are creating exotic new metallic substances.
(A) Meet
(B) Being met are
(C) To meet
(D) They are meeting
2. _______ James A. Bland, “Carry Me Back to Old Virginny” was adopted is the state song of Virginia in 1940.
(A) Was written b
(B) His writing was
(C) He wrote the
(D) Written by
3. Mary Garden, ______ the early 1900’s was considered one of the best singing actresses of her time.
(A) a soprano was popular
(B) in a popular soprano
(C) was a popular soprano
(D) a popular soprano in
4. In the realm of psychological theory Margaret F. Washburn was a dualist _____ that motor phenomena have an essential role in psychology.
(A) who she believed
(B) who believed
(C) believed
(D) who did she believe
5. Engineers________ for work on the new space program.
(A) necessary
(B) are needed
(C) hopefully
(D) next month
6. On Ellesmere Island in the Arctic one fossil forest consist of a nearly hundred
large stumps scattered on an exposed coal bed.
7. The surface conditions on the planet Mars are the more like the Earth’s than are those of any other planet in the sol
8. The midnight sun is a phenomenon in which the Sun visible remains in the sky
for twenty-four hours or longer.
9. The Humber River and its valley form a major salmon-fishing, lumbering, hunting,
and farmer region in western Newfoundland, Canada.
10. Fitzgerald_______ the society of the 1920’s in his novel, The Great Gatsby.
(A) reflect
(B) reflects
(C) are reflecting
(D) have reflected
1. The Rose Bowl, ________ place on New Year’s Day, is the oldest postseason collegiate football game in the United States.
A. takes
B. it takes
C. which takes
D. took
2. Experiments ________ represent a giant step into the medicine of the future.
A. using gene therapy
B. use gene therapy
C. they use
D. gene therapy uses
3. ________ off the Hawaiian coastline are living, others are dead.
A. While some types of coral reefs
B. Some types of coral reefs
C. There are many types of coral reefs
D. Coral reefs
4. Nimbostratus clouds are thick, dark gray clouds ________ forecast rain.
A. what
B. which
C. what they
D. which they
5. Some economists now suggest that home equity loans are merely a new trap to push consumers beyond ________.
A. they can afford
B. they can afford it
C. what is affordable
D. able to afford
6. People who reverse the letters of words ________ to read suffer from dyslexia.
A. when trying
B. if they tried
C. when tried
D. if he tries
7. Featured at the Henry Ford Museum ________ of antique cars dating from 1865.
A. is an exhibit
B. an exhibit
C. an exhibit is
D. which is an exhibit
8. Rubber ________ from vulcanized silicones with a high molecular weight is difficult to distinguish from natural rubber.
A. is produced
B. producing
C. that produces
D. produced
9. ________ appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is merely an optical illusion.
A. The Moon
B. That the Moon
C. When the Moon
D. The Moon which
10. According to the World Health Organization, ________ there to be an outbreak of any of the six most dangerous diseases, it could be cause for quarantine.
A. were
B. they were
C. there were
D. were they
1. Space exploration and underground mining both take place in extreme environments so —- is not too surprising that technology developed for one field is now being applied to —-.
A) each / another
B) it / the other
C) that / the others
D) either / each other
E) this / one another
2. Since September 11, 2001, companies that ship goods, and other businesses involved in ocean transport —- millions of dollars coordinating their security efforts.
A) were spending
B) would have spent
C) had been spending
D) are being spent
E) have spent
3. We —- for three years for something to happen that —- our situation.
A) had waited / has improved
B) were waiting / will improve
C) will have waited / will improve
D) have been waiting / will improve
E) are waiting / will have improved
4. Drivers over 65 have experience, but —- physical and sensory capabilities.
A) would be diminishing
B) must be diminished
C) were to diminish
D) may have diminished
E) could be diminished
5. The conversation between the airport control tower and pilots ••••that the plane —- approval to land before it crashed.
A) revealed / had received
B) has revealed / has received
C) had revealed / will receive
D) revealed / would be received
E) was revealing / has received
6. The human brain goes through several large-scale changed —- the individual progresses from embryo through to old age.
A) so that
B) as
C) whereas
D) even if
E) lest
7. Second-hand smoke is the exhaled smoke from the lungs of a smoker, —- the smoke that disperses from a lit cigarette, cigar, or pipe.
A) as well as
B) so as to
C) consequently
D) thereby
E) notwithstanding
8. Jack London, —- works deal romantically with the overwhelming power of nature and struggle for survival, was a prolific American novelist and short story writer.
A) which
B) whose
C) where
D) what
E) who
9. Parents can learn to create and environment —- their child can grow and thrive in a more resourceful and less stressful manner.
A) which
B) what
C) where
D) that
E) whose
10. Cell phones are dangerous when people use them while they —- cars.
A) would drive
B) were driving
C) drove
D) are driving
E) will drive
1. The couple had been saving up to buy —- a house for a long time when they won the lottery.
A) on their own
B) themselves
C) theirs
D) their
E) they
2. By the time the UN task force —-, the rebel forces —- the province.
A) arrived/ took
B) has arrived/ will take
C) arrived/ had taken
D) had arrived/ had taken
E) arrives/ have taken
3. I —- the possibility of early retirement since the reorganization.
A) had looked into
B) looked into
C) was looking into
D) have been looking into
E) will be looking into
4. Despite being a mechanic, Mike —- his car when it —- yesterday.
A) may not fix / has broken
B) cannot fix / had broken
C) will not fix / breaks
D) might not fix / broke
E) couldn’t fix / broke
5. — often offering poor conditions and basic salaries, charities rarely have problems in recruiting staff.
A) Despite
B) Even though
C) Much as
D) Because of
E) Inasmuch as
6. One way of selecting candidates is a written test; o, an informal interview can often be more informative.
A) in addition to
B) as a result of this
C) on the other hand
D) consequently
E) hence
7. I used to live in one of those houses —- have now been demolished.
A) where
B) that
C) of which
D) whose
E) why
8. The supermarket removed from the shelves all of its jars of tomato puree, several —- were found to contain fragments of glass.
A) that
B) which
C) of which
D) of whose
E) whom
9. When he came home, my brother was unusually attentive, —- made me very suspicious.
A) that
B) who
C) whom
D) which
E) what
10. We interviewed fourteen applicants for the post, none of —- we thought suitable.
A) who
B) that
C) which
D) whose
E) whom
1. The boy ___ I met just now is Metha’s brother.
a. who
b. whom
c. whom of
d. whose
e. which
2. The director got his secretary ____ him about his schedule.
a. remind
b. to remind
c. reminds
d. reminding
e. reminded
3. Plants ________ in our air. People and animals need oxygen to breathe.
a. oxygen make also
b. make also oxygen
c. oxygen also make
d. also oxygen
e, also make oxygen
4. Music is capable of a number of health benefits including lowering stress levels, raising states of consciousness, _________, accessing different states of mind, developing the brain and is useful in meditation.
a. changing moods
b. changed moods
c. changes moods
d. change moods
e. is changed moods
5. The beatles consists of four members. John Lennon and Paul McCartney are two. _____ are Ringo star and George Harrison.
a. another
b. other
c. others
d. the others
e. the other
6. more than 90% of road accidents_____ by human errors.
a. caused are
b. is caused
c. are cause
d. are caused
e. is cause
7. Andrew studied _____ I did. we both got good score.
a. as hardly as
b. as hard as
c. as harder as
d. as hardest as
e. as harderly as
8. I ______ for you for two hours before you finally came yesterday.
a. was waiting
b. will be waiting
c. will have been waiting
d. have been waiting
e. had been waiting
9. The reconstructed London Bridge _________ Lake Havasu City on October 10, 1971 with many British and Arizona officials participating in this event that drew 50,000 spectators.
a. was dedicated in
b. in dedicated was
c. was dedication
d. was dedication in
e. dedicated in
10. ______when driving is very dangerous. That is why the driver should be in a good condition before driving.
a. slept
b. being sleepy
c. being sleepy
d. is sleepy
e. sleepy is
Questions;
1. The technology, developed in coal-rich Germany in the 1920s, involves partly burning coal to turn it into a gas, then using a catalyst, usually a metal, make it a liquid.
2. Should we really speak of the “breakdown” of families when we are perhaps witnessing new family forms and a new social structure arising late capitalism?
3. Advocacy for child war victims, children in hazardous work, abused children and those variously exploited or handicapped has attracted the attention and commitment of legislators and policy-makers through the world.
4. Public opinion polls have consistently demonstrated the public’s willingness for ‘tradeoff’ economic growth for environmental protection
5. The company expects to see ___________ breakeven and a 15 cent a share loss in the second quarter.
A. Approximately
B. More or less
C. More than
D. Somewhere between
1. Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes _______ they both emit hot liquids
from below the Earth’s surface.
a. due to
b. because
c. in spite of
d. regardless of
2. During the early period of ocean navigation, ________ any need for sophisticated
instruments and techniques.
a. so that hardly
b. where there hardly was
c. hardly was
d. there was hardly
3. Refrigerating meats ________ the spread of bacteria.
a. retards
b. retarding
c. to retard
d. is retarded
4.Throughout the animal kingdom, ________ bigger than the elephant.
a. whale is only the
b. only the whale is
c. is the whale only
d. only whale is the
5. The fact ________ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a
popular form of payment.
a. of
b. that
c. is that
d. which is
6. In the realm of psychological theory Margaret F. Washburn was a dualist _____ that
motor phenomena have an essential role in psychology.
a. who she believed
b. who believed
c. believed
d. who did she believe
7. On Ellesmere Island in the Arctic one fossil forest consist of a nearly hundred
A B
large stumps scattered on an exposed coal bed.
C D
8. The surface conditions on the planet Mars are the more like the Earth’s than are
A B C
those of any other planet in the solar system.
D
9. The midnight sun is a phenomenon in which the Sun visible remains in the sky
A B C
for twenty-four hours or longer.
D
10. The Humber River and its valley form a major salmon-fishing, lumbering, hunting,
A B C
and farmer region in western Newfoundland, Canada.
D
Ass.Wr.Wb
Miss Heriyati… I have answered questions on http://www.learn4good.com/languages/toefl/toefl_stan_test1.htm. The final score at first trial is 73%. Thank u miss.
Rino/ Rin
More TOEFL exercises
berita-english.blogspot.co.id/2014/01/soal-toefl-structure-dan-kunci-jawaban-practice2.html?m=1
https://books.google.co.id/books?id=MePytSBVyX8C&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=the+upper+branches+of+the+tallest+trees+produce+more+leaves&source=bl&ots=jKcCSM3FXd&sig=MSZcdNm1hMDcX0lFfnUYmD2YvBU&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid3sGtw7fTAhXMkJQKHZ9eAz4Q6AEIHzAB#v=onepage&q=the%20upper%20branches%20of%20the%20tallest%20trees%20produce%20more%20leaves&f=false
Other types
http://www.lang.jannemec.com/english/testshow.php?file=tests/TOEFL6.TXT
http://www.yeuanhvan.com/part-2-error-recognition/5824-toefl-error-recognition-test-40